pub type Bitboard = u64;

/// Print bitboard on screen in the same way squares appear in memory
/// (i.e the board is actually flipped along X)
pub fn print(bb: &Bitboard) {
    for index in 0..64 {
        print!("{}", if bb >> index & 1 == 1 { "1" } else { "." });
        if (index + 1) % 8 == 0 {
            println!();
        }
    }
    return println!();
}

/// Return bitboard cardinality, aka number of elements in the set
pub fn pop_count(bb: &Bitboard) -> u8 {
    if bb == &0u64 {
        return 0;
    }
    return pop_count(&(bb >> 1)) + (bb & 1) as u8;
}

/// Return Bitboard with only Least Single Bit
pub fn ls1b(bb: &Bitboard) -> u64 {
    bb & !(bb - 1)
}

/// Log base 2 (aka Trailing Zero Count)
///
/// WARNING: Only works for SINGLE Bitboards
/// Useful for calculating bit-index of LS1B
pub fn bitscan(bb: &Bitboard) -> u8 {
    debug_assert!(pop_count(bb) == 1, "Bitscan only works for SINGLE Bitboards!");
    pop_count(&(bb - 1))
}


#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use super::*;

    #[test]
    fn test_pop_count() {
        assert_eq!(pop_count(&127), 7);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_ls1b() {
        assert_eq!(ls1b(&38), 2);
        assert_eq!(ls1b(&16), 16);
        assert_eq!(ls1b(&20), 4);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_bitscan() {
        assert_eq!(bitscan(&4), 2);
        assert_eq!(bitscan(&16), 4);
        assert_eq!(bitscan(&64), 6);
        assert_eq!(bitscan(&128), 7);
    }

    #[test]
    #[should_panic(expected = "Bitscan only works for SINGLE Bitboards!")]
    fn test_bitscan_with_non_single_bb() {
        bitscan(&5);
    }
}